As is the case in their human owners, there are a multitude of diseases that can afflict dogs. There are some that veterinarians see a lot more of than others. Some can be prevented with immunization, and much grief could be eliminated if the dogs' owners would take such a basic approach in caring for their pet. The point here is immunize, immunize, immunize! Experts' opinions vary, but here is a list of the ten most common diseases in dogs. This list is not particularly in order of commonality, or seriousness.
Distemper: According to the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) the distemper virus owns the title for the biggest threat to dogs throughout the world. The fatality rates for distemper vary from approximately 50% in adult dogs, and 80% in puppies. Dogs in general are exceptionally vulnerable and they should be vaccinated as early as safely possible, and they should receive necessary booster shots as recommended by their vet.
Parvovirus (Parvo): Parvo is a virus that has been detected in dogs all over the world. It is very contagious, specifically between puppies, and usually kills a healthy dog within two to three days after it is contracted. Most common symptoms associated with parvovirus are loss of appetite, depression, continuous diarrhea and vomiting. Vaccinating your dog against Parvo is absolutely necessary, and she should get boosters as suggested.
Rabies: Another often fatal virus in dogs is Rabies. Rabies is often fatal very soon after the first symptoms appear. Being that rabies is such a threat to both animals and humans, many state and local authorities require dogs to have their rabies shots, and also require annual boosters.
Kennel Cough: Bortadella, also known as kennel cough, is a very contagious disease that is widespread among kennels, shelters, and boarding houses. Signs that your dog may show are inflammation of the trachea, bronchial tubes, and larynx. The main symptom presents as a dry, hacking cough. Vets advise owners to have their pets vaccinated against this disease bi-annually, or before boarding them with other dogs.
Leptospirosis: Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that can also be contracted by humans. Visible signs your dog may show may be low-grade fever, vomiting, lethargy, reddened mucous membranes, and conjunctiva. Other symptoms may include kidney inflammation and blood clotting disorders. Leptospirosis can be treated with antibiotics, and many vets advise against vaccination for this disease, as there have been adverse reactions in puppies, and the effectiveness of the inoculation is questionable. Infectious canine hepatitis: This disease may present with a slight fever, minor lethargy, and is rarely fatal. Most dogs recover quickly and inoculation is recommended against this disease.
Lyme Disease: Lyme Disease is a fairly common ailment that is carried and transferred by certain species of ticks. This disease is treated with tetracycline, which is an antibiotic. Some of the most common symptoms include joint pain, fever, reduced appetite, lethargy, and inflammation of the lymph nodes. While there are vaccines available, they are not recommended as a general rule.
Coronavirus: This disease can easily be confused with parvo as the most common symptoms are the same, vomiting and diarrhea. Other indicators of this disease may be reduced appetite, lethargy, dehydration, and a foul-smelling diarrhea. The most common treatment is replenishment of fluids and controlling the diarrhea and vomiting. Vaccination is not usually suggested.
Obesity: As is the case in their owners, obesity is a grave medical condition. Like the old saying, dogs look like their owners; overweight humans typically have heavy dogs. To help overcome this problem, one should not give the dog table scraps. They should also make sure to feed their dog appropriate portions and get them regular exercise.
Heartworm: As the name suggests, heartworms are parasites that take up residence in the heart, arteries and lungs of an infected dog. Outward signs of infestation include a soft cough, lethargy and the dog tiring easily. If left untreated, the once healthy, active dog may die of congestive heart failure. There are several over the counter treatments and preventative medications available, such as Heartgard, and these are highly recommended by vets. To ensure your dog's health, ask your vet for a small card to keep in your wallet that includes your pet's immunization record and list of any medications he/she may be taking.
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