It is that time of year again where cold and flu season really starts to get into full swing. For the past few months you may have seen ads or been asked by your doctor if you would like the flu shot all in preparation for flu season. For diabetic patients, the flu can be a devastating illness. It is for this reason that it is recommended that all diabetic patients are vaccinated against influenza in September, well before flu season begins.
How do I know if I have the flu?
The flu is a virus that is characterized by a sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, cough and muscle aches. It is also sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
What do I do if I have the flu?
Most patients will recover without any complications but diabetic patients are at an increased risk for problems like dehydration, hyperglycemia, pneumonia and hospitalization. For this reason, diabetic patients are encouraged to call their doctor at the onset of symptoms of the flu. You will be able to speak with a nurse who can advise you if your symptoms are consistent with the flu and of what to do next.
You may need to see your doctor to start medications to reduce your risk of complications from the flu. These medications are most effective when they are started within 72 hours of the onset of symptoms. This is why it is important for patients with diabetes to contact their physician as soon as they suspect that they have the flu.
If you have the flu and diabetes you should take the following steps to reduce your risk of complications from the flu:
1. Hydrate: Increase your fluid intake by taking small amounts of sugar free beverages every hour to prevent dehydration. If you are vomiting or have diarrhea this becomes very important. Monitor for signs of dehydration which include dry mouth, increased thirst, increased heart rate and decreased urination.
2. Monitor sugars: Hyperglycemia occurs more frequently in diabetic patients during times of stress and illness. It is recommended that all diabetic patients check their blood sugars every 3-4 hours during illness to monitor for extreme changes in glucose levels.
3. Know the symptoms of complications: If you experience shortness of breath, high fever, confusion, dehydration or hyperglycemia contact your doctor to find out if you need to be seen emergently.
The flu is a serious illness and the best way to prevent its complications is through yearly vaccination.
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